This phenomenon is surprisingly common and can affect anyone, regardless of age, gender, profession, or level of achievement.
The term “imposter syndrome” was first introduced in 1978 by end imposter syndrome psychologists Pauline Clance and Suzanne Imes, who studied high-achieving women who, despite their accomplishments, felt inadequate and feared being “found out.” Since then, research has shown that imposter syndrome is widespread, with estimates suggesting that up to 70% of people experience it at some point in their lives. It is not classified as a mental disorder in diagnostic manuals, but it is recognized as a real psychological experience that can significantly affect a person’s mental health and professional growth.
People with imposter syndrome often experience a range of emotions, including anxiety, guilt, self-doubt, and low self-esteem. They may constantly worry that they are not good enough or fear that others will discover they are not as capable as they appear. This can lead to overworking, perfectionism, or avoidance of new challenges to prevent potential failure. Ironically, imposter syndrome can affect even the most successful individuals, from students and professionals to artists and leaders, often pushing them to set impossibly high standards for themselves.
There are several types of imposter syndrome, each with unique characteristics. The “Perfectionist” sets excessively high goals and feels crushed by even minor mistakes. The “Expert” fears not knowing enough and constantly seeks to learn more, feeling inadequate if they are not the top authority.